Coins of the
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English: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
4 Farthings = 1 Penny, 12 Pence = 1 Shilling, 2 Shillings = 1 Florin, 5 Shillings = 1 Crown, 20 Shillings = 1 Pound = 1 Sovereign, 21 Shillings = 1 Guinea (until 1970)
100 pence (single: penny) = 1 pound sterling (plural: pounds) [GBP]
Symbols: £ (pound), p (penny)
Languages on coins: Anglo-Norman, English, Latin
Alphabets on coins: Latin
Numerals on coins: Western Arabic
Calendars on coins: Gregorian
4 Farthings = 1 Penny, 12 Pence = 1 Shilling, 2 Shillings = 1 Florin, 5 Shillings = 1 Crown, 20 Shillings = 1 Pound = 1 Sovereign, 21 Shillings = 1 Guinea (until 1970)
100 pence (single: penny) = 1 pound sterling (plural: pounds) [GBP]
Symbols: £ (pound), p (penny)
Languages on coins: Anglo-Norman, English, Latin
Alphabets on coins: Latin
Numerals on coins: Western Arabic
Calendars on coins: Gregorian
Mint Marks
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Birmingham Mint (Heaton's Mint), Birmingham (GBR): "H" |
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King's Norton Metal Company, Birmingham (GBR): "KN" |
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Edinburgh (GBR): "E" or "E*" |
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Soho Mint, Handsworth (GBR): "SOHO" |
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Bombay (IND): "B"Note: only on trade coinage
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Privy Marks
Designer Marks
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John Bergdahl (?): "JB" |
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Thomas Brock (GBR): "T.B." |
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James Butler (GBR): "JB" |
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Jody Clark (GBR): "J.C" |
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David Cornell (?): stylized "DC" or "DC" monogram |
George William de Saulles (GBR): "DES." or "DΣS·" or "DE S·"
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Matthew Dent (WAL): "MD" |
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Edwina Ellis (AUS): "ƎE" |
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Edgar G. Fuller (?): "E•F" |
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William Maving Gardner (GBR): "W" and "G" |
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Mary Gillick (GBR): "M · G ·" |
George Edward Kruger-Gray (GBR): "K•G" or "K"/"G" or "KG"
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Henry D. Gray (?): "HDG" |
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Conrad Heinrich Küchler (DEU): "K" |
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David Lawrence (?): stylized "D.L" upright or rotated |
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Raphael David Maklouf (ISR): "RDM" |
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Sir Edgar Bertram MacKennal (AUS): "B.M." |
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John William Mills (GBR): "JWM" |
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Philip Nathan (?): "PN" |
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Timothy Noad (?): "TN" monogram |
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Emma Noble (?): "en" |
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Deborah Osborne (?): "DO" |
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Humphrey Paget (GBR): "HP" |
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Harold Wilson Parker (GBR): monogram "HWP" |
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Benedetto Pistrucci (ITA): "B.P." |
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Natasha Preece (?): "N·P" |
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Ian Rank-Broadley (GBR): "IRB" |
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Andrew Ross (?): "AR" |
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Bruce Rushin (GBR): "BR" |
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Norman Sillman (GBR): "NS" |
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Cecil Thomas (?): "C•T" |
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Nigel Tudman (?): "NT" |
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Aaron West (?): "AW" |
National identification and other marks
Coat of Arms
The coat of arms of the United Kingdom consists of a central escutcheon decorated with four sections. The first and third section show the three passant lions of England. The second section shows the Scottish bordered rampant lion. The third section depicts the Gaelic harp for Ireland. The escutcheon is supported on the right by a lion crowned with St. Edward's crown and on the left by a chained Scottish unicorn. The crest on top the helmet is St. Edward's crown itself crowned by a crowned lion. A garter surrounds the escutcheon, which says: "HONI SOIT QUI MAL Y PENSE", which is Anglo-Norman for 'May he be shamed who thinks badly of it'. Below the escutcheon a field is decorated with the Tudor rose (England), a thistle (Scotland) and a shamrock (Ireland). The banner shows the French text: "DIEU ET MON DROIT", which means 'God and my right' and is the motto of the Monarch of the the United Kingdom (without Scotland).
Drawing of the coat of arms of the United Kingdom as it appears on coins
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Photograph of the coat of arms of the United Kingdom as it appears on coins
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Monograms
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Monogram of King George VI: Crowned stylized "GR" and Roman numerals "VI" in betweenGeorge IV was the King of the United Kingdom from 1936-1952.
The monogram depicts a stylized letter "G", as it is the first letter of his given name, and a stylized letter "R". I'm not sure what it stands for, but maybe for the Latin 'Rex' or French 'Roi', meaning 'King'. The Roman numerals "VI", mean 6, as in that he is the 6th king of the United Kingdom bearing this name. St. Edward's crown sits on top. |
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Monogram of Queen Elizabeth II: Crowned "ER" and Roman numerals "II" in betweenElizabeth II is the Queen of the United Kingdom since 1952.
The monogram depicts a capital "E", as it is the first letter her given name, and a capital "R". I'm not sure what it stands for, but maybe for the Latin 'Rex' or French 'Roi', meaning 'King'. The Roman numerals "II", mean 2, as in that he is the 2nd queen of the United Kingdom bearing this name. St. Edward's crown sits on top. |
Latin abbreviated inscriptions
EDWARDVS VII DEI GRA: BRITT: OMN: REX FID: DEF: IND: IMP:
Latin: Edwardus VII Dei Gratia Britanniarum Omnium Rex Fidei Defensor Indiae Imperatrix
English: Edward VII, by the Grace of God, King of all the Britains, Defender of the Faith, Emperor of India
ELIZABETH II DEI GRA:BRITT:OMN:REGINA F:D
Latin: Elizabeth II Dei Gratia Britanniarum Omnium Regina Fidei Defensor
English: Elizabeth II, by the grace of God, Queen of all the Britains, Defender of the Faith
ELIZABETH II · DEI · GRA · REG · FID · DEF
Latin: Elizabeth II Dei Gratia Regina Fidei Defensor
English: Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God, Queen, Defender of the Faith
ELIZABETH·II·DEI·GRATIA·REGINA
Latin: Elizabeth II Dei Gratia Regina
English: Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God, Queen
ELIZABETH·II·DEI·GRATIA·REGINA·F: D:
Latin: Elizabeth II Dei gratia Regina Fidei Defensor
English: Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God, Queen, Defender of the Faith
ELIZABETH II D· G· REG· F· D·
Latin: Elizabeth II Dei Gratia Regina Fidei Defensor
English: Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God, Queen, Defender of the Faith
GEORGIUS III·D:G·REX
Latin: Georgius III Dei Gratia Rex
English: George III, by the Grace of God, King
GEORGIVS V DEI GRA: BRITT: OMN: REX
Latin: Georgivs V Dei Gratia Britanniarum Omnium Rex
English: George V, by the Grace of God, King of all the Britains
GEORGIVS V D.G.BRITT:OMN:REX F.D.IND:IMP:
Latin: Georgivs V Dei Gratia Britanniarum Omnium Rex Fidei Defensor Indiae Imperator
English: George V, by the Grace of God, King of all the Britains, Defender of the Faith, Emperor of India
GEORGIVS V DEI GRA:BRITT:OMN:REX FID:DEF:IND:IMP:
Latin: Georgivs V Dei Gratia Britanniarum Omnium Rex Fidei Defensor Indiae Imperator
English: George V, by the Grace of God, King of all the Britains, Defender of the Faith, Emperor of India
GEORGIVS VI D:G:BR:OMN:REX
Latin: Georgivs VI Dei Gratia Britanniarum Omnium Rex
English: George VI, by the Grace of God, King of all the Britains
GEORGIVS VI D:G:BR:OMN:REX F:D:IND:IMP.
Latin: Georgivs VI Dei Gratia Britanniarum Omnium Rex Fidei Defensor Indiae Imperatrix
English: George VI, by the Grace of God, King of all the Britains, Defender of the Faith, Emperor of India
VICTORIA D:G: BRITT:REG:F:D:
Latin: Victoria Dei Gratia Britanniarum Regina Fidei Defensor
English: Victoria, by the Grace of God, Queen of the Britains, Defender of the Faith
VICTORIA D : G : BRITANNIAR : REG : F : D :
Latin: Victoria Dei Gratia Britanniarum Regina Fidei Defensor
English: Victoria, by the Grace of God, Queen of the Britains, Defender of the Faith
VICTORIA DEI GRATIA BRITANNIAR : REG : F : D :
Latin: Victoria Dei Gratia Britanniarum Regina Fidei Defensor
English: Victoria, by the Grace of God, Queen of the Britains, Defender of the Faith
VICTORIA·DEI·GRA·BRITT·REGINA·FID·DEF·IND·IMP
Latin: Victoria Dei Gratia Brittanniarum Regina Fidei Defensor Indiae Imperatrix
English: Victoria, by the Grace of God, Queen of the Britains, Defender of the Faith, Emperor of India
Latin: Edwardus VII Dei Gratia Britanniarum Omnium Rex Fidei Defensor Indiae Imperatrix
English: Edward VII, by the Grace of God, King of all the Britains, Defender of the Faith, Emperor of India
ELIZABETH II DEI GRA:BRITT:OMN:REGINA F:D
Latin: Elizabeth II Dei Gratia Britanniarum Omnium Regina Fidei Defensor
English: Elizabeth II, by the grace of God, Queen of all the Britains, Defender of the Faith
ELIZABETH II · DEI · GRA · REG · FID · DEF
Latin: Elizabeth II Dei Gratia Regina Fidei Defensor
English: Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God, Queen, Defender of the Faith
ELIZABETH·II·DEI·GRATIA·REGINA
Latin: Elizabeth II Dei Gratia Regina
English: Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God, Queen
ELIZABETH·II·DEI·GRATIA·REGINA·F: D:
Latin: Elizabeth II Dei gratia Regina Fidei Defensor
English: Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God, Queen, Defender of the Faith
ELIZABETH II D· G· REG· F· D·
Latin: Elizabeth II Dei Gratia Regina Fidei Defensor
English: Elizabeth II, by the Grace of God, Queen, Defender of the Faith
GEORGIUS III·D:G·REX
Latin: Georgius III Dei Gratia Rex
English: George III, by the Grace of God, King
GEORGIVS V DEI GRA: BRITT: OMN: REX
Latin: Georgivs V Dei Gratia Britanniarum Omnium Rex
English: George V, by the Grace of God, King of all the Britains
GEORGIVS V D.G.BRITT:OMN:REX F.D.IND:IMP:
Latin: Georgivs V Dei Gratia Britanniarum Omnium Rex Fidei Defensor Indiae Imperator
English: George V, by the Grace of God, King of all the Britains, Defender of the Faith, Emperor of India
GEORGIVS V DEI GRA:BRITT:OMN:REX FID:DEF:IND:IMP:
Latin: Georgivs V Dei Gratia Britanniarum Omnium Rex Fidei Defensor Indiae Imperator
English: George V, by the Grace of God, King of all the Britains, Defender of the Faith, Emperor of India
GEORGIVS VI D:G:BR:OMN:REX
Latin: Georgivs VI Dei Gratia Britanniarum Omnium Rex
English: George VI, by the Grace of God, King of all the Britains
GEORGIVS VI D:G:BR:OMN:REX F:D:IND:IMP.
Latin: Georgivs VI Dei Gratia Britanniarum Omnium Rex Fidei Defensor Indiae Imperatrix
English: George VI, by the Grace of God, King of all the Britains, Defender of the Faith, Emperor of India
VICTORIA D:G: BRITT:REG:F:D:
Latin: Victoria Dei Gratia Britanniarum Regina Fidei Defensor
English: Victoria, by the Grace of God, Queen of the Britains, Defender of the Faith
VICTORIA D : G : BRITANNIAR : REG : F : D :
Latin: Victoria Dei Gratia Britanniarum Regina Fidei Defensor
English: Victoria, by the Grace of God, Queen of the Britains, Defender of the Faith
VICTORIA DEI GRATIA BRITANNIAR : REG : F : D :
Latin: Victoria Dei Gratia Britanniarum Regina Fidei Defensor
English: Victoria, by the Grace of God, Queen of the Britains, Defender of the Faith
VICTORIA·DEI·GRA·BRITT·REGINA·FID·DEF·IND·IMP
Latin: Victoria Dei Gratia Brittanniarum Regina Fidei Defensor Indiae Imperatrix
English: Victoria, by the Grace of God, Queen of the Britains, Defender of the Faith, Emperor of India
Other marks
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King George VI: "G" and "R"The letters 'G' and 'R' here stand for 'Georgivs Rex', which is Latin meaning 'King George'.
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South Sea Company: "SSC"The South Sea Company was a joint-stock company. It was founded to reduce the nation's debth. The company had a monopoly on trade with South America and carried silver to Great Britain. From this silver Crowns, Half Crowns, Shillings and Sixpences were minted.
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